środa, 25 czerwca 2025

Emigration from Galicia to Canada and Brasil

 Emigration from Galicia to Canada and Brasil, an article from Zeitweiser 1912.

 Below the translations in Portuguese and English

 


Alemães da Galícia na América

Por Joseph Schmidt

 A história cultural nos ensina que, há centenas de anos, a língua alemã, a ciência alemã, a educação alemã, a literatura e a arte alemãs influenciaram a América da mesma forma que a Grécia influenciou o nível cultural da Roma antiga. 

Dr. Learned

 

O número de alemães que imigraram para a Galícia, segundo fontes oficiais, era de aproximadamente 18.000 almas. Hoje, os descendentes desses 18.000 imigrantes alemães somam, segundo estimativas bastante precisas, mais de 200.000. Infelizmente, apenas cerca da metade deles ainda reside na Galícia; a maior parte emigrou. Cerca de 10.000 alemães da Galícia vivem em Höfen e Werkprüchen, 2.000 na Bósnia, 1.000 na Rússia, 1.000 em várias cidades e vilas austríacas, e o restante — praticamente uma segunda Galícia Alemã — está na América. Além disso, muitos alemães na Galícia foram polonizados ao longo do tempo.

 

Em qualquer lugar da Galícia Alemã que se visite, ouve-se que muitas pessoas emigraram para a América — principalmente para o Canadá ou o Brasil. Em muitas colônias alemãs da Galícia, há hoje mais alemães vivendo na Américado que na própria Galícia. Por exemplo, em Chicago e Aurora, há mais alemães de Hohenbach do que no próprio Hohenbach, que tem 420 habitantes alemães. De Münchenthal (Muzplowice), não menos de 36 famílias alemãs e muitos indivíduos solteiros emigraram para a América nos últimos 25 anos. De Oltenhaufen, Weisenberg, Ernstdorf, Mühlsach, Freifeld e muitas outras localidades, mais da metade das famílias alemãs já emigrou para a América. A principal razão para essa forte emigração está na atividade intensa dos recrutadores de imigrantes das sociedades de colonização na América e na falta de uma escola primária alemã na Galícia até o ano de 1907.

Para saber como estão nossos compatriotas na América, tanto no aspecto étnico quanto no econômico, solicitei relatos de alemães galicianos confiáveis que vivem lá. O autor Schreyer¹, de Fromwell, Volta Office, no Canadá, escreve: 

*"Fromwell, 26 de novembro de 1910. Prezado Senhor...! Em Fromwell, vivem alemães da Galícia e da Rússia. Em Winnipeg, a capital, que fica a uma hora e meia de trem daqui, vivem alemães de todo o mundo. Nossa estação ferroviária mais próxima, Beauftigung, pode ser alcançada em uma hora de viagem. A região aqui é aberta, permitindo que se viva em um raio de 30 a 40 milhas. Há terras boas e também de todos os tipos; o fogo causa muitos danos, pois há grama alta e seca que é facilmente incendiada por faíscas das chaminés dos trens, queimando quilômetros de vegetação..."*

 ¹ U. Schreyer emigrou de Beckersdorf para o Canadá em 1896 com sua esposa e oito filhos.

 Relato do Canadá

A terra aqui é principalmente floresta e pântano, sendo este último drenado por valas profundas. Cada colono recebe do governo inglês um pedaço de terra de até 160 metros, pelo qual deve pagar 10 dólares (50 coroas). No início, o trabalho é muito difícil, pois não há estradas nem pontes, e muitas vezes é necessário carregar sacos de farinha ou grãos nas costas. Aqueles que têm dinheiro compram terras mais próximas de estradas e não precisam sofrer no início na selva². O preço da terra atualmente é de 20 a 25 dólares por acre. Eu tenho 220 metros; há também colonos com apenas 30 metros, dependendo de suas possibilidades. Todos podem caçar em suas próprias terras. Ursos e lobos podem ser caçados o ano todo, búfalos no inverno, perdizes em novembro e patos em setembro.

 Quanto à escola, as aulas são ministradas apenas em inglês, mas o alemão também pode ser aprendido. Da mesma forma, os órgãos governamentais funcionam apenas em inglês.

 Cada agricultor tem sua terra em um único lote, cercado por arame farpado para evitar invasões. Cultiva-se trigo, cevada, linho, batatas e feno...

 Relato do Brasil

Em contraste, o alemão é mais preservado no Brasil, como mostra o seguinte relato: 

*"Marienthal, 29 de maio de 1911. Prezado Senhor...! Sou professor de alemão aqui há oito anos. Em Marienthal, vivem 55 famílias alemãs, das quais 10 são da Galícia, 5 da Bucovina e o restante da região do Volga na Rússia, todas imigradas entre 1872 e 1873. Em Marienthal, só se fala alemão; a língua alemã é altamente valorizada. Na igreja, reza-se e canta-se em alemão. O pastor é brasileiro, mas prega em alemão. Como ele mora a duas horas de Marienthal, os colonos costumam chamar padres franciscanos da capital, Curitiba. Atualmente, Marienthal tem 360 habitantes alemães. A escola tem 53 alunos. A taxa de natalidade é, graças a Deus, alta, com cada família tendo 8 a 9 filhos ou mais. Casamentos mistos nunca ocorrem. A colônia prospera; está localizada em uma planície, e o solo é muito fértil. Cultiva-se milho, trigo, centeio e batatas. Há quatro cervejarias, uma torrefação de café, duas ferrovias, sapateiros e açougueiros. A colônia fica a duas horas da estação ferroviária. Nas proximidades de Lapa, perto de Marienthal, está a colônia alemã de Johannesdorf, cujos colonos também vieram da Galícia e da Rússia..."

 Conclusão

Ao comparar os relatos do Canadá e do Brasil, vemos que os colonos alemães na América trabalham duro e são valorizados como pioneiros e cultivadores do solo. No entanto, enquanto os alemães no Canadá são assimilados e anglicizados pelo governo inglês, no Brasil eles podem preservar sua identidade alemã. Portanto, se um alemão emigrar para a América, que o faça pelo bem de seu próprio povo, indo para o Brasil em vez do Canadá.

Emigration from Galicia to Canada and Brasil, an article from Zeitweiser 1912.


Germans from Galicia in America
By Joseph Schmidt

Cultural history teaches us that, for hundreds of years, the German language, German science, German education, literature, and art have influenced America in the same way that Greece influenced the cultural level of ancient Rome.
Dr. Learned

The number of Germans who immigrated to Galicia, according to official sources, was approximately 18,000 souls. Today, the descendants of these 18,000 German immigrants number, according to fairly accurate estimates, over 200,000. Unfortunately, only about half of them still live in Galicia; the majority have emigrated. Around 10,000 Germans from Galicia live in Höfen and Werkprüchen, 2,000 in Bosnia, 1,000 in Russia, 1,000 in various Austrian towns and villages, and the rest — practically a second German Galicia — are in America. In addition, many Germans in Galicia have been Polonized over time.

Wherever you go in German Galicia, you’ll hear that many people have emigrated to America — mainly to Canada or Brazil. In many German colonies of Galicia, more Germans now live in America than in Galicia itself. For example, in Chicago and Aurora, there are more Germans from Hohenbach than in Hohenbach itself, which has 420 German inhabitants. From Münchenthal (Muzplowice), no fewer than 36 German families and many single individuals have emigrated to America in the past 25 years. From Oltenhaufen, Weisenberg, Ernstdorf, Mühlsach, Freifeld, and many other places, more than half of the German families have already emigrated to America. The main reason for this wave of emigration is the strong activity of immigration recruiters from colonization societies in America and the lack of a German primary school in Galicia until 1907.

To find out how our compatriots are doing in America, both ethnically and economically, I requested reports from trustworthy Germans from Galicia who now live there. The author Schreyer¹, from Fromwell, Volta Office, in Canada, writes:
"Fromwell, November 26, 1910. Dear Sir...! In Fromwell, there are Germans from Galicia and Russia. In Winnipeg, the capital, which is an hour and a half by train from here, there are Germans from all over the world. Our nearest train station, Beauftigung, can be reached within an hour. The area here is open, allowing people to live within a radius of 30 to 40 miles. There is good land and all types of terrain; fires cause a lot of damage because there is tall, dry grass that is easily ignited by sparks from train chimneys, burning kilometers of vegetation..."

¹ U. Schreyer emigrated from Beckersdorf to Canada in 1896 with his wife and eight children.


Report from Canada
The land here is mainly forest and swamp, the latter being drained by deep ditches. Each settler receives from the English government a plot of land up to 160 acres, for which he must pay 10 dollars (50 crowns). At first, the work is very difficult, as there are no roads or bridges, and one often has to carry sacks of flour or grain on one's back. Those who have money buy land closer to the roads and don’t have to suffer as much in the early days in the wilderness². The price of land is currently 20 to 25 dollars per acre. I own 220 acres; there are settlers with as little as 30 acres, depending on their means. Everyone can hunt on their own land. Bears and wolves may be hunted year-round, buffalo in winter, partridges in November, and ducks in September.

As for school, lessons are conducted only in English, although German can also be learned. Similarly, government offices operate only in English.

Each farmer has his land in a single plot, fenced with barbed wire to prevent intrusions. Crops grown include wheat, barley, flax, potatoes, and hay...


Report from Brazil
In contrast, the German language is more preserved in Brazil, as shown in the following report:
"Marienthal, May 29, 1911. Dear Sir...! I have been a German teacher here for eight years. In Marienthal, 55 German families live, 10 of which are from Galicia, 5 from Bukovina, and the rest from the Volga region in Russia, all of whom immigrated between 1872 and 1873. In Marienthal, only German is spoken; the language is highly valued. In church, prayers and hymns are in German. The pastor is Brazilian but preaches in German. As he lives two hours from Marienthal, the settlers often invite Franciscan priests from the capital, Curitiba. Currently, Marienthal has 360 German residents. The school has 53 pupils. The birth rate is, thank God, high, with each family having 8 to 9 children or more. Mixed marriages never occur. The colony is thriving; it is located on a plain, and the soil is very fertile. Corn, wheat, rye, and potatoes are grown. There are four breweries, a coffee roastery, two railways, shoemakers, and butchers. The colony is two hours from the railway station. Near Lapa, close to Marienthal, is the German colony of Johannesdorf, whose settlers also came from Galicia and Russia..."


Conclusion
By comparing the reports from Canada and Brazil, we see that German settlers in America work hard and are valued as pioneers and cultivators of the land. However, while Germans in Canada are being assimilated and anglicized by the English government, those in Brazil are able to preserve their German identity. Therefore, if a German is to emigrate to America, let him do so for the good of his own people — by going to Brazil rather than Canada.

 

niedziela, 11 maja 2025

Heim ins Reich – Das Schicksal der Deutschen aus Galizien im Zweiten Weltkrieg

 I am pleased to announce the publication of my new book: 


"Heim ins Reich – Das Schicksal der Deutschen aus Galizien im Zweiten Weltkrieg" 

("Heim ins Reich – The Fate of Galician Germans in World War II") 

 This work not only documents individual wartime experiences but also serves as a valuable resource for genealogical research. The book includes: 

- Archival source references for family historians 

- Name index of Galician German families 

- Rare photographs and documents 

 

The book is available for purchase: 

📌 On eBay:  EBAY [https://www.ebay.pl/itm/135776592660](https://www.ebay.pl/itm/135776592660) 

📌 Directly from the author (contact for details) 

 

The eBay listing includes the full table of contents and name index for reference. 

 

Ich freue mich, die Veröffentlichung meines neuen Buches bekannt zu geben: 

"Heim ins Reich – Das Schicksal der Deutschen aus Galizien im Zweiten Weltkrieg" 

 

Das Buch schildert nicht nur Einzelschicksale, sondern ist auch ein wichtiges Nachschlagewerk für genealogische Forschungen. Enthalten sind: 

- Archivquellen für Familienforscher 

- Namensregister galiziendeutscher Familien 

- Seltene Fotodokumente 

 

Bezugsquellen: 

📌 Bei eBay: EBAY [https://www.ebay.pl/itm/135776592660](https://www.ebay.pl/itm/135776592660) 

📌 Direkt beim Autor (auf Anfrage) 

 

Der eBay-Eintrag enthält ein vollständiges Inhaltsverzeichnis und Namensregister. 

sobota, 22 lutego 2025

Stanisławów on stamps

There are many stamps related to Galicia (especially to Lviv). In this article I only present postage stamps dedicated to Stanisławów (Stanislau, today Ivano-Frankivsk), from which my ancestors come.
A beautiful postal card sent from Lviv (Lwów – Lemberg)
A stamp of the Polish Post from 1938 depicting the Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv.
For the beginning, an Austrian stamp from 1867 for 2 kreuzers with the image of the Emperor Franz Joseph I and a beautiful postmark of Stanislau dated November 9, 1872. The first postal issue related to Stanisławów that appeared after Ukraine gained independence are stamps from 2004 depicting Ukrainian folk costumes from the Ivano-Frankivsk Voivodeship. The stamps depict a folk music band and a village wedding.
The next edition comes from 2006 from the Wedding Headdress' of Ukrainian Women series. The series consists of 12 stamps, one of which shows a lady from Stanisławów with a wreath on her head.
A continuation of this theme is the series of 12 stamps from 2007, Traditional Headdresses of the Ukraine. Representatives of Stanisławów are on three stamps. However, it was only in 2012 that a stamp dedicated to the city itself appeared. The occasion was the 350th anniversary of the city's founding by Andrzej Potocki, who named Stanisławów the settlement of Zabłotowo in honor of his son Stanisław Potocki.
The stamp contains the historical name of the city - Stanisławów and the modern name (in force since 1962): Ivano - Frankivsk.
A very interesting edition appeared in 2016. However, it is related to The 770th Anniversary of the First Historical Mention of the City of Kolomyia. Kolomyia is located in the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast. The block shows the city's monuments (town hall, the Museum of Hutsulshchyna and Pokuttia, the Greek-Catholic Cathedral) and the Pysanka Museum , which will be discussed later.
A very nice stamp appears in 2020 in the Beauty and Greatness of Ukraine series. It shows a railway viaduct in Vorokhta (Ivano-Frankivsk region). At the end of the 19th century, Vorokhta developed as a sports and tourist center. This was facilitated by the laying of a railway line through Vorokhta in the summer of 1894. In 1895, a stone arch bridge was built. With a total length of 130 meters, the span is 65 meters. The bridge is on the list of the longest stone bridges in Europe and the world (currently the bridge is not in use) .
In the same 2020 Beauty and Greatness of Ukraine series, a block featuring the Ivano-Franskivsk Region was also released. The block shows: a painted bowl from the 19th century, the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (17th-18th century) in Vorokhta, Hutsuls - a groom and a bride on horses, and the Dovbush (Drummer's) Rock .
The last stamp dedicated to Stanisław is a stamp from 2023 depicting an Easter egg (pysanka) from the Stanisławów Oblast from the village of Trościaniec (Dolina region).
If you are interested in these stamps, please contact the author directly.

środa, 1 stycznia 2025

 The January 2025 issue (#120) of the GGD newsletter is now available on our website, https://galiziengermandescendants.org/cms





My article about the hotel post in  Hohe Rinne (Transilvania, Romania), en extract - full text available as above 





 


Emigration from Galicia to Canada and Brasil

 Emigration from Galicia to Canada and Brasil, an article from Zeitweiser 1912.  Below the t ranslations in Portuguese and English   A...